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Disciplinary action and investigations
Disciplinary action and workplace investigations are among the highest‑risk areas of UK employment law. Employers must act promptly and fairly, following procedures that stand up to scrutiny when decisions are challenged.
Poor investigations, procedural errors or inconsistent outcomes increase exposure to unfair dismissal claims, damaged employee trust and tribunal risk. Clear evidence, proportionate decisions and a structured process are essential.
This page brings together guidance and practical resources on disciplinary action and investigations—including processes, hearings and appeals—to help employers reduce risk and reach defensible decisions.
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Featured resource
If an employee is dismissed in the last week of their first six months with a payment in lieu of notice, will they still qualify to claim unfair dismissal?
From 1 January 2027, statutory notice can bring an employee dismissed with PILON within the six-month unfair dismissal qualifying period.
Browse our full library of disciplinary action and investigations resources
How to conduct a disciplinary investigation
Explore expert insights on planning and executing disciplinary investigations that stand up to scrutiny and support confident HR …
Unfair dismissal of NHS worker who pleaded guilty to minor offences
This case is a reminder that misconduct outside work — including criminal convictions — still requires a fair …
How to approach pre-termination negotiations about a settlement agreement
Understand your HR responsibilities in pre‑termination negotiations with actionable guidance to protect your organisation and support fair employee …
Right to be accompanied: employer fails to allow probationer to have companion at dismissal meeting
A case examining whether an employer acted unfairly by refusing to allow a probationary employee to be accompanied …
How to handle grievances raised during disciplinary procedures
Explore HR best practice for grievances raised during disciplinary cases and understand when disciplinary proceedings should continue or …
How to handle appeals against grievance decisions
Expert HR advice on responding to employee appeals against grievance outcomes and conducting a fair, thorough review process.
Managing New Allegations During a Disciplinary Investigation
Discover best practices for managing new allegations during disciplinary investigations, including employee rights, fair hearings, and Acas code …
Employment tribunal cases – dismissals following employee mistakes
Susie Munro, senior legal editor at Brightmine, discusses four recent employment tribunal cases where employees were dismissed for …
Employment tribunals – tips and traps
Running an employment tribunal claim can be complicated and requires careful management. Part-time employment tribunal judge Tina Elliott …
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